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联程票东大经欧洲门户机场转申根内航班,航司是否报API给最终目的国?

内容摘要

联程中转申根内API数据全链路共享,但法规落地尚需等待路由器生效。

关键信息与法律依据

  • 核心结论:联程票经欧洲门户机场转申根内航班时,航司收集的API(预旅客信息)不仅报给第一入境国,同时抄送最终目的国及所有中转涉及国。#1 #8
  • 法规依据:@SourSweetTea 引用 Regulation (EU) 2025/12 和 2025/13 条款。Article 14 规定路由器将数据传输给所有计划降落的成员国;Article 12 明确申根内中转航班需向所有涉及国的旅客情报单位(PIUs)传输API及PNR数据。#9
  • 系统机制:各国边检使用同一个共享系统,不存在各自独立的数据库,因此中转地和出发地信息对方均可见。#4

最新动态与法规落地

  • 生效时间澄清:@SourSweetTea 补充指出,Regulation (EU) 2025/13 并非立即生效。Article 45 规定,API数据在路由器开始运营后两年才适用,其他PNR数据为四年。#12
  • 落地进度确认:@jimmyaux 再次强调,由于欧盟旅客信息路由器(PIR/Router)尚未正式生效,相关法规的实际执行还早,需密切关注路由器启动运营的时间点。#11 #13

争议与概念辨析

  • 用途澄清:@jimmyaux 强调 APIS 仅用于预防恐怖主义及防止严重犯罪,与清关无关;此前 @EECS 关于“托运行李需清关”的推断被纠正。#7 #10
  • 系统区分:需严格区分 API(预旅客信息)与 EES(入境/出境系统),两者数据留存和查询权限不同。@jimmyaux 质疑律师调取的可能是匿名化后的数据,且非重罪或恐怖威胁下调取详细信息的难度极大。#5 #6

风险/限制/注意事项

  • 成员国选择权:成员国可基于反恐或严重犯罪风险评估,选择性对特定申根内航线应用数据收集;若无重大威胁,仅针对高风险路线或机场筛选。#9
  • 数据隐私:APIS 信息在一段时间后会被匿名化,GDPR 申请查看流程较慢,且非重罪事务调取难度大。#5 #4
原始内容
--- 第 1 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-16 07:35:39 PDT) ---

谭里有大神直达欧洲的航司在执飞东大经欧洲门户机场转往欧洲其他机场时候(非申根航班转申根航班),API会最终报给第一入境国,还是会同时报给第一入境国和最终目的国? e.g.1 LH 汉莎 北京 经 法兰克福 转到马德里, 联程票。汉莎在北京办票的时候一定会收集乘客的API信息, 但是因为是在法兰入境申根,那么这些API信息肯定是会报给德国边检,但是西班牙的政府机构也会被抄送吗? e.g.2 LX 瑞航 北京 经 苏黎世 转到 巴黎, 联程票。瑞航在北京办票的时候一定会收集乘客的API信息, 但是因为是在法兰入境申根,那么这些API信息肯定是会报给德国边检,但是法国的政府机构也会被抄送API信息吗?

--- 第 2 楼来自 fredz 的回复 (2026-06-16 07:41:03 PDT) ---

jimmyaux: 但是西班牙的政府机构也会被抄送吗 会 jimmyaux: 是法国的政府机构也会被抄送API信息吗 会 而且以上全部地方的机构都能看到你所有的stop

--- 第 3 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-16 07:44:28 PDT) ---

我目前查到的资料是申根内的航班是不用报API的,所以最终目的国的政府机构只能看到乘客搭乘了第一入境国机场到最终目的国机场的航班,但是并不知道乘客始发地。冒昧的问下,你参考的消息来源是哪里?

--- 第 4 楼来自 fredz 的回复 (2026-06-16 07:53:20 PDT) ---

朋友是奥地利的移民律师,以前看他办案的时候给当事人把API旅游签证信息调出来过 我对这个问题的理解是不存在什么德国法国西班牙自己的数据库,他们用的是同一个系统 你要实在不放心,GDPR去一下你想要的政府机构试试,不过会有点慢。

--- 第 5 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-16 11:22:30 PDT) ---

谢谢你加入这个讨论。你的见解我很重视。你要不要再问问你的奥地利移民律师朋友,向他确认下他是否调取的是API信息?如果他调取EES系统的信息我觉得还是有可能的。 APIS的话,信息在一段时间后就匿名化了。移民问题并非重罪或恐怖威胁,不可能因为移民事务这个原因来调取信息的。

--- 第 6 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-16 11:23:10 PDT) ---

我个人觉得你还是没有高清APIS和EES的区别。

--- 第 7 楼来自 EECS 的回复 (2026-06-16 15:57:14 PDT) ---

我觉得APIS应该要share给目的地国才对,毕竟托运行李是在目的地国清关

--- 第 8 楼来自 adu 的回复 (2026-06-16 17:02:47 PDT) ---

也就是每次入境时我以前每次入境在哪里中转出发地是哪里只要是联程票对方都能看到

--- 第 9 楼来自 SourSweetTea 的回复 (2026-06-16 17:55:45 PDT) ---

#p-8387265-regulation-eu-202512-1Regulation (EU) 2025/12 Article 2 Scope This Regulation applies to air carriers conducting flights into the Union. Article 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply: (3) ‘flights into the Union’ means flights flying from the territory either of a third country or of a Member State to which this Regulation does not apply, and planned to land on the territory of a Member State or Member States to which this Regulation applies; (7) ‘competent border authority’ means the authority that is empowered by a Member State to carry out border checks and that is designated and notified by that Member State in accordance with Article 14(2); Article 14 Transmission of API data from the router to the competent border authorities 1. Upon the data format and transfer verifications referred to in Article 13, the router shall transmit the encrypted API data transferred to it pursuant to Article 6 or Article 9(3) and (4) to the competent border authorities of the Member State or, where the flight is planned to land in one or several airports within the territories of one or more Member States to which this Regulation applies, to the competent border authorities of the Member States referred to in Article 4(3), point (c). #p-8387265-regulation-eu-202513-2Regulation (EU) 2025/13 Article 2 Scope This Regulation applies to air carriers conducting: (a) extra-EU flights; (b) intra-EU flights that will depart from, arrive in or make a stop-over on the territory of at least one Member State that notified the Commission of its decision to apply Directive (EU) 2016/681 to intra-EU flights in accordance with Article 2(1) of that Directive. Article 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply: (10) ‘passenger information unit’ or ‘PIU’ means the passenger information unit, as contained in the Member States’ notifications to the Commission and modifications thereof published by the Commission pursuant to Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2016/681; Article 12 Transmission of API data and other PNR data from the router to the PIUs 1. Upon the data format and transfer verifications referred to in Article 11, the router shall transmit the encrypted API data and any other PNR data, transferred to it by air carriers pursuant to Article 5(1) and (2), and where applicable, Article 7(3) and (4), to the PIUs of the Member State on whose territory the flight will land or from whose territory it will depart, or to both in the case of intra-EU flights . It shall transmit those data immediately and in an automated manner, without changing their content in any way. Where a flight has one or more stop-overs at the territory of other Member States than the one from which it departed, the router shall transmit the API data and any other PNR data to the PIUs of all the Member States concerned. For the purposes of such transmission, eu-LISA shall establish and keep up to date a table of correspondence between the different airports of origin and destination and the countries to which they belong. However, for intra-EU flights, the router shall transmit only API data and other PNR data of the flights included in the list referred to in paragraph 4 to the relevant PIUs. 4. Member States that decide to apply Directive (EU) 2016/681 to intra-EU flights in accordance with Article 2 of that Directive shall each establish a list of the intra-EU flights or routes selected. Member States may use the code of the airport of departure and the airport of arrival for indicating the selected flights or routes. Those Member States shall, in accordance with Article 2 of that Directive and Article 13 of this Regulation, regularly review and where necessary update those lists. A Member State may select all intra-EU flights or routes when duly justified, in accordance with Directive (EU) 2016/681 and Article 13 of this Regulation. Member States shall, by the relevant date of application of this Regulation referred to in Article 45, second paragraph, insert the selected flights or routes into the router, by automated means through the secure communication channel referred to in Article 9(2)(b), and thereafter provide the router with any updates thereof. Article 13 Selection of intra-EU flights 1. Member States that decide, in accordance with Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2016/681, to apply that Directive and consequently this Regulation to intra-EU flights shall select such intra-EU flights in accordance with this Article. 2. Member States may apply Directive (EU) 2016/681 and consequently this Regulation to all intra-EU flights arriving at or departing from their territory only in situations of a genuine and present or foreseeable terrorist threat, on the basis of a decision that is based on a threat assessment, limited in time to what is strictly necessary and open to effective review either by a court or by an independent administrative body whose decision is binding. 3. In the absence of a genuine and present or foreseeable terrorist threat, Member States that apply Directive (EU) 2016/681 and consequently this Regulation to intra-EU flights shall select such intra-EU flights according to the outcome of an assessment carried out on the basis of the requirements set out in paragraphs 4 to 7 of this Article. 4. The assessment referred to in paragraph 3 shall: (a) be carried out in an objective, duly reasoned and non-discriminatory way in accordance with Article 2 of Directive (EU) 2016/681; (b) take into account only criteria which are relevant for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime having an objective link, including an indirect link, with the carriage of passengers by air, and not be purely based on the grounds as listed in Article 21 of the Charter of any passengers or groups of passengers; (c) use only information that can support an objective, duly reasoned and non-discriminatory assessment. 5. On the basis of the assessment referred to in paragraph 3, Member States shall select only intra-EU flights relating to, inter alia, specific routes, travel patterns or airports for which there are indications of terrorist offenses and serious crime and that justify the processing of API and other PNR data. The selection of intra-EU flights shall be limited to what is strictly necessary for achieving the objectives of Directive (EU) 2016/681 and this Regulation.

--- 第 10 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-17 02:24:34 PDT) ---

APIS只做预防恐怖主义及防止严重犯罪为用途。清关与次无关。

--- 第 11 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-17 02:32:50 PDT) ---

SourSweetTea: what is strictly necessary for achieving the objectives of Directive (EU) 2016/681 and this Regulation. 非常感谢!EU2025/13 非常有用。也不知道这个条例到今天落地了没有,欧盟一般是很慢的。

--- 第 12 楼来自 SourSweetTea 的回复 (2026-06-17 05:27:56 PDT) ---

Article 45 Entry into force and application This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union . It shall apply: (a) in relation to API data, from the date two years from the date on which the router starts operations, as determined by the Commission in accordance with Article 34; and (b) in relation to other PNR data, from the date four years from the date on which the router starts operations, as determined by the Commission in accordance with Article 35. Regulation (EU) 2025/13 是 Router 生效后 2 年才对 APIS 有效,其他 PNR 信息是 4年

--- 第 13 楼来自 jimmyaux 的回复 (2026-06-17 18:02:35 PDT) ---

多谢!那还早,因为router还没有生效。